Improvement in machines foe making eoese-seoe nails



W. SHARTS. MACHINE PoR MAKING HoRsEsHoE MAILS..

Patented July 9, 18.67,.

NLM

Z2-@venan @geiten ,gieten lztteitt @ffice WILLIAM S'HARTS, lOF HUDSON, N'EW YORK l Letters Patent No. 66,642, elated July 9,`1867.

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TO ALL`WHOM IT MAY -CONCERN:

Bc it known that I, WILLIAM SIIfrnTs, of Hudson, in thc county ofA Columbia, and State of New York, haveinrcnted certain new and useful improvements in NailLForging Machines; and Ido hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings making a portion of this specification, in whiehi AFigure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a machine constructed'according to my invention.

Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the same.

Figure 3 is a rear elevation of the same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

This invention` is designed more especially for thc manufacture ,of horse-shoe nails, and it consists in an anvil of peculiar construction, in combination with suitable forging hammers, whereby two nails may be forged simultaneously, and whereby thc'nails may be brought to the required shape with great exactness.

v The invention further consists in so operating the aforesaid anvil that it shall have a 'slidingr movement with reference to the hammers and to the nail-rods, whereby the forging operation is v ery much facilitated.

The invention further consists in a novel construction of cutters with the forging mechanism, whereby the pointed ends of the nails may be cut off simultaneously with -the severing theV said nails from the nail-rods.'

The invention further consists in a' novel means of gauging and feeding" the nail-rods to the forging mechan` ism; and, furthermore, in certain novel combinations of part-s, whereby the more eicient working of the principal features of the invention is secured.

To enable others to understand the construction and operation of my invention, I will proceed -to describe it with reference to the drawings.v Y

The cam-wheel A is secured upon a transverse driving-shaft, Af, situated at the rear end of the frame B, and has formed in a portion of its circumference a series of cams, a, andformed upon each side ofl the said cam-wheel, adjacent to and concentric with the cams a, isa series of laterallyp'rojecting cams b, the `number of cams being the same in all the said series. Formed concentric with the plain portion c of the circumference of `the cam-wheel A, oneA upon each side thereof, is-avsemicireular rib, d. The cams operate to spread apart the horizontally moving hammers C, the helves e of which are pivoted, as shown at" al, and which areforced inward by springsf, the circumferential cams a operating in' a similar manner uponthe` rear endl of the helve g of the vertically moving hammer D, 'which is pivoted, as shown at b1, to elevate such hammer, the same being i forced downward by the action of a spring, h. A laterally extending cam, E, is attachd to one side of the cam-wheel A, at the central part thereof. 'Ihis cam operates a sliding-bar, t', which moves forward a slidingbleek, F, which slides in suitable longitudinal guides formed in the top of the frame B, and has rmly'fitted upon it the anvil G. The anvil Gr isl constructed with'twe nearly horizontal faces 4al, the* surfaces of which correspond to the curvature or inclination of the dat sides` of the nails to be forged, and which are situated one upon each side of the raised centre poitioutf', the two lateral faces of which are so formed as to correspend with the desired shape of the edges of such nails. The faces a", just -hereinbefore mentioned, taper or diminish in width toward their forward ends in a form answering to that of one of the dat sides of a finished nail, as indicated in fig. f2. The upper side of the central portion-aiyisso shaped that the Width of the lateral faces thereof correspond to that of the 4edges cf the finished nail, the said surface of such central portion serving as a guide for the hammer D, in forging the flat sides of the nail, and the lateral or outer edges of the faces a* serving as guides for thehammers C in forming the edges of thc nails, as hereinafter further set forth. A spring, j, shown in'tig. 1, draws back thelsliding block with'the auvil attached thereto, when the same is released from the action of the cam E. H rpresents a horizontalhal,which slides longitudinally in therlewer portion of the frame B, and is furnished with an upwardly extending arm, 7c, at its forward' end, at the upper extremity of which is formed or attached the lower jaw c of the tongs that feed the-nail-rods to the forgingl mechanism. The forward movement 'of this bar is'produced by a spring shown in dotted outline at m, inflg.

l', and the backward or feeding movement thereof by means of a radial spur, a2, projecting from. the circumference of the cam-wheel A, and which acts yupon a lateral stud formed upon the rcarmost end of the said bar,

and shown in dotted outlineat b2, in'g. 2. The upper jaw d of' the aforesaid feeding-tongs is formed upon the' upper end of an arm, o, which `extends up from the forward end of a lever, s, which is pivoted upon the bar H, and the inner end of which is ivoted to the inner end of a similar lever, u, also pivoted to the bar'H, and the outer end of'which is pressedupwardV by a spring, elfthe rear end of thelever u being made sloping atits uppervside, and working underneath an inwardlyprojccting spur, f1, formed Vupon `a vertical slide, e. This slide has a slot, g, formed thereon, as shown in g. '3, the lowe'r side of such slot being made sloping, and being acted upon to depress the slide bythe forward movement of the ,inclined under side'of a spur, h1, which is.attached to the rear .end-of thebar H, and of course moves therewith. A springcatch,jl, holds upon the top of ,this slide to hold the same in a depressed position when tho bar H and the parts attached thereto are moved forward, the said catch being forced backto permit the slide to vriseat the end ofthe backward stroke or movement of the bar H,'-by means of a small bar or rod, c, attached to the bar H, and the extremity of which passes through along slot formed in theslide 11, and, shown at ml in Iig. 3. Placed in. the same guides as sliding-block F, .and between the said block and the jaws :c1 all of `the feeding-tongs, is a solid sliding-plate, I, upon lwhich are situated two vertical guides nl, and formed upon the said plate, between such guides, is a grilling-jaw, rh Sliding vertically in thel guides nl is another'v-griping-jaw, s1, which is pressed downward to grip the nail-.rodsby springs al. This sliding griping-jaw is held up away from the other jaw r, when required, byfmeansfof .al springcatch,' e?f ,pthe endiof which extends downward below-the under surface of the sliding'- plateujust mentioned, and whichcatches upon' a stud, ol, attached to the .griping-jaw, el, as shown in iig," 1. Projecting down from Ion end ofthamdvingjaw s1, is a small rod, c-|, the lower end of. which is passed through ,faloonp formed in the had of al Vs'pririgcat'ch, `'cH-,fthe said rod serving to raise the aforesaid lgri-ping-jaw, as hereinafter fully explained. `.Thebackwardmovement of this sliding-plate is produced by a spiral spring, W1; its' "forward movement-is derived from that'of the block F. A horizontal lever, shown more fully in dotted ou-tline at `al1-in fig. 2', and the'outer arm of whichs moved forward by an upright stud, di, upon the sliding-bar H, serves to disengage the sliding gripin'g-j'aw when' required, as hereinafter set forth, the inner end of the said lever actingupon thedewnwardlyprojectingend of the spring-catch aforesaid. .l shows astrong lever, which is situated -in the lower-part of the frame B, and the rear arm of which is pressed by a spring, e2, upward against the circumference-vof the cam-wheel A, and the forwardeud of which is attached to-.a vertically sliding block', K, which movegsbetween the lower portions of vertical standards L, and to which is attached the knife or cutterfr. Sliding 'between the upper portions of thesezstandards L is an upright knife, M, and connected j therewith by rods orl straps 9*., is another similar knife, -N, which slides on separato guidesz. P indicates .two levers', ,which are pivoted, one at the/upper end of each of the standards L, and which are connected at ltheir innerfends with the sliding-knife M by means of links hi', andai: their outer ends with thevertically I sliding block K, by means of connecting-rods inA such manner that an upward movement of the vertically sliding block jus't mentioned will produce a downward movement of the knives or cutters M N,.and vz'ee versa.

In'the operation of the machine, a suitable furnace fo lheating the nail-rods is placed in front of -tho-said; drrow, shown in iig. 1, is communicated to the cam' machine, and a rotary movement in the direction of the wheel A. :The aforesaid rods, two in numbexghavs their inner portions passed between the jaws ril c of the feeding-tongs, and between'thegriping-jaws'sl 1", with their inner extremities so situated as to come one upon each side ofthe central part 6*. of Ithe anvil G, when .the same is moved forward, as presently herein set forth. The nail-rods being'in this position, as rshown in red outline in'iigs. 1 and 2, the several hammers D and C are kept-spread apart bythe actionppon their helves of the plain portion c of the circumference of the cam-wheel and the semicircular ribs d upon the sides thereof.l The continued movement of-the cam-wheel A causes the spur a.2 thereof to strike the-studi:z ofthe bar H, and thus force the said bar backward, whereupon Ithcsloping upper surfaceofthe-rear end of the'fflever u passing under the lateral inwardly projecting spur fl ofthe 'slidez', isdepressedin'lv suchi'manner as -tooperate the lever S, to bring downward the jaw UZ* towardlthe other jaw Ae of' thefeeding-tongs to grasp tho nail-rods between them; 'and the gripingjaw havingsbeen'iirst-elevated 'hythe'action 'of the spur'a2 upon the lever J, as hereinafter further shown,`and being held in such elevated 'positionby the spring-catch 0*', as hereinbefore mentioned, the backward movement of the bary H draws back the jaws :il el, and thus feeds the rods inward until'their inner ends are brought one upon. each side of the forward end of the central portion 5* of the anvil G, which, being done, the end'of the rod c1 passes through the slot m, andforces out the spring-catchy', thus releasing the slide v, and allowing the spring e" to press upward the rear arm of the lever a, tofspread apart the jaws d1c1,to.release the nail-rods from the grasp thereof.v The spur a2 ofthe cam-wheel then'passes through the spur b2 and the spring m 'forces forward the sliding-barlH, and thus brings tl1ejaws decllto their original position, this return movement of the bnr H causing the stud d* to strike the outcrfarm of the lever cit, and'operate the same to press back upon the lower end of the spring-catcl1 ef, and thus disengage thesliding griping-jaw S, which being forced down by the springs u, the nail-rods are' rmly griped between the two griping-jaws Sl r, and held thereby during the .foregoing operation. The nail-rods being thus brought into position, with their inner ends partially over or upon the faces-* of the-,anvil G', 'and one upon each side of the central part b* thereof, the cams a raise the hammer lalternately with the outwardmovement of the-horizontally moving hammers C, outward movements of which are produced bythelateral cams 6,) and the said hammers being forced inward to the anvil by the springs h andf, as hereinbefore: explained, partially forge the end portions of the nail-rods and the said en d portions being thus'partially elongated, Athe cam E, Aacting through the4 rod ,movs forward the slidingvblock F, which carries the anvil G, and. also forces back the sliding-plate I, and alll the parts lattzwhcd ther-oto, the anvil being thus carriedforward in such manner that the ends of the nail-rods areuacted 'upon hy the forging-hammers, notwithstanding the elongation of the aforesaidend portions of the same. 'lhe nails are thus drawn, :is it were, gradually into shape-by the forging operation. And inasmuch as the lateral edges oi' the faces a* act ns guides to limit Vthe inward movement of the hammers 0,'and the upper side of the central portion b* acts in like manner as a guide for the hammer D ,as hereinbefore explained, it follows that the under sides and the inner edges of' the nails will bt shaped respectively by the faces a*,' and the sides or faces of the central portion 6*, while theupper4 sides and utter edges of the said nails will be shaped respectively by the rhammer D and the laterally moving hammers C.

The forging operation being thus completed, the cam E releases the rod z', whereupon tire spring j draws back the sliding-block F, and the anvil thereon, the sliding-plate I, which carries the griping-ja\\s, being held stationary at this part of the operation by the spring-catch 'a.-|-, which catches upon the fixed stud 6+, when the aforesaid plate is pushed quite forward to its limit by the forward movement of the block F. The plain portion c of the circumference of the cam-wheel, and the semicircular ribs d of th'e'said wheel, then operate to spread apart the three hammers as hereinbefore fully explained, and the `radial 'spur a? acts upon the rear end of the lever J, which, forcing upward the cutter f*, and also operating simultaneously through the connecting-rods z'*, levers P, and links cl, forces downwards the cuttersM N. The cutter N cuts off the pointed extremities of the nails, the said extremities being supported by that portion of the Vblock F in front of the anvil G; simultaneously with whichthe cutters M andf* coming together sever the nails from the rods, the said nails falling downward through the space left, as 'just explained, between the block F and plate I. The upward movement of the slidelK, in raising the cutte'rfi, forces upwards the vertically sli-ding rod c+, and thus discngagcs the catch a-lfrom the stud b-|-, in order that the plate I may be drawn back by the spring w', after the descent of the cutterf, and elevation of the cutters M N, which takes place assoon-as the spur a.r2 passes from the end of the lever J; the aforesaid upward movement of the sliding-rod c+, also raising the sliding griping-jaw s so that the same is caught by the spring-catch e* and retained in an elevated position while the nail-rods'are again fed'forward to the forging mechanism by the action of the spur a vupon the spur 6 of the sliding-bar H, whereupon the forging operation .is repeated upon the ends of the nail-rods to form the succeeding;I nails.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The anvil G, lconstructed as described,- in combination with the hammers C and D substantially as and for the purpose specified.`

2. Imparting-to the anvil G a sliding movement with reference to the hammers and' thev nail-rods, as described, during the forging operation, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

-3. The griping-jaws arranged uponthe sliding-plate I, and in relation with the sliding anvil G and the jaws dl el of the feeding-tongs, substantially as and f or the purpose herein set forth. 4

4. The cam-wheel A, with the several series of cams a plain circumferential portion c, and. semicircular ribs d, in combination with the three hammers C D, all constructed and arrangedsubstantially as and for, the purpose specified. v

5L The cutters M N f*, in combination withV the system of levers and the wheel A, all constructed and arranged substantially as and for the purpose specified. Y

6, The sliding-bar H, provided with the spur h1, and the levers s u, arranged in combinatim with each other and with the slide V and the radial spur azof the wheel A, for the purpose of operating the jews dl c1 of the feeding-tongs or mechanism, substantially as and for the purpose'specied.

7. The combination of the spring-catch e*, rod c*, sliding griping-jaws's and the vertically moving slide K, substantially as and for the purpose specified. i I* I 8. The sliding-rod c*`, spring-catch a+, studfb-P, arranged in relation with each other and with the slidingplate I, sliding griping-jaws s? and spring-catch' e*, substantially as and for-the purpose-specified.

Y 4WILLIAM sHAn'rs.

Witnesses:

JOHN P. LAIRD, ORLANDO LAIRD. 

